Control of sericea lespedeza using lateseason prescribed. Introduction serecia lespedeza, otherwise known as chinese lespedeza, is a perennial leguminous forb native to asia. Sericia lespedeza and specific controls common weeds. Lespedeza seed lespedeza is a genus of about 30 species of flowering plants in the pea family fabaceae, commonly known as bush clover or japanese clover. The lespedeza species that we grow are all dieback perennials and their arching weeping form makes lespedeza perfect for growing on hillsides, over walls, and along fences. Native to asia and introduced into the united states in the late 1800s, it has been widely planted for erosion control. Sericea lespedeza can be treated with a variety of cultural, mechanical, and chemical means.
Current research with goats indicated that they will eat sericea and reduce seed production, but have not reduced plant population. Sudangrass, sorghum hybrids, 40inch height or early boot stage, whichever comes pearl millet, and johnsongrass first. Bare root plants ships from late december into march. Broadcast hulled and scarified seed at 30 pounds per acre in the spring and 45 pounds per acre in the fall. Seed production at the present time the main limitation to the seeding of korean lespedeza is the high price of the seed, which has seldom sold. The term tannin is used to describe polyphenolic substances that have the capacity to bind proteins and inhibit enzymes wong, 1973. Lespedeza is a deeprooted legume that be established. There are reports that 1,500 seeds can be produced on a single sericea lespedeza stem or ramet 125,2. Lespedeza striata is a freely branched, summer annual legume that is a problematic weed in lawns and other turf areas.
Korean lespedeza seed as a protein supplement for milk production. The wra is a scientific study used to identify the potential risk of spread in nebraska. The main winter annual legume sometimes grown with sericea lespedeza is crimson clover. It will also reduce the growth rate of the sericea lespedeza the following year. All lespedezas are adapted to warm humid climates and are native to north america, tropical and east asia, and australia. Sericea lespedeza seed production 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 mid spring midsummer late summer m a b b a, b means w unlike superscripts differ p lespedeza are amazingly adaptable and easy to grow in a wide range of garden conditions. Lespedeza is a perennial legume and comes in several varieties planted from seeds and plants. Annual and perennial lespedezas are the forgotten warmseason legumes that can offer a lot of benefits in forage systems across the southern united states. Mowing sericea lespedeza after midjuly can delay or reduce seed production. Korean lespedeza seed as a protein supplement for milk. Handpulling or other mechanical methods of control are impractical because of the extensive root system and deep tap root. The data presented in table 3 provide a comparison of serala sericea, with and without the benefit of sodseeded rye, to coastal bermudagrass fertilized with two levels of nitrogen. Control of sericea lespedeza using lateseason prescribed burning. If this occurs before seed matures, the crop may not produce korean lespedeza kummerowia stipulacea is.
Common lespedeza cultivar kobe is more tolerant of acid soils. Annual lespedeza will germinate in early spring but usually will grow little until june. Korean is the most widely adapted variety when both yield and safe ripening of seed are considered. Seasonal production of this plant is from april to september. Sericea lespedeza is preferably seeded alone and does not compete well with other plants. Tremendous production of summer forage, disease resistant, retains more leaves, boosts pasture yields, and reduces the effects of endophyte toxicity, while reducing nitrogen fertilizer needs. A number of species are useful as forage and green manure crops, and some are. Sericea lespedeza does not selfdestruct if not used because it produces a seed crop in late summer and fall.
Sc163 1932 korean lespedeza kansas state university. Sericea lespedeza plant showing the leaf center, lower stem and root system. I mowed fescue early and baled it, and the clover, in may, brandt recalls. Most sericea lespedeza seed is hard with normal germination rates of only 10 to 20 percent. Once established, lespedeza cuneata is very difficult to remove due to the seed bank which may remain viable for decades. Identification and control of serecia lespedeza lespedeza. A long growing season is required for successful bicolor lespedeza seed production 60. Seedings for seed production should be drilled with hulled and scarified seed at 1012 pounds per acre on. Dodder, a parasitic plant, can be a serious problem in hay or seed fields, so it is important to plant dodderfree. Some hay growers will mix lespedeza with grasses, such as orchardgrass, to improve the. Inoculate the seed with the appropriate rhizobia bacteria developed for lespedeza species so the plants will fix nitrogen.
It is also possible to sodseed winter annuals into a dormant sericea lespedeza stand to obtain additional forage production during the cooler months. Mar 25, 2016 baled lespedeza should contain an abundance of leaves, at least 50%. Aug 14, 2019 sericea lespedeza does not selfdestruct if not used because it produces a seed crop in late summer and fall. Milk production, calf weights and reproductive efficiency are all closely tied to the animal nutrition during this period.
With good seed production, annual lespedeza will persist for years without reseeding mcgraw et al. Sericea lespedeza seed production 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 mid spring midsummer late summer m a b b a, b means w unlike superscripts differ p lespedeza are wellsuited for production in mississippi. Adaptation and distribution korean is better adapted than common lespedeza in the north because of its shorter life cycle. Lespedeza identification and control in turfgrass uga. Brandt broadcasted legend lespedeza seed over 20 acres of fescue and red clover pasture. A forage and hay cover crop in pastures and used in erosion control sites. Lespedeza, genus lespedeza, genus of about 40 species of plants in the pea family fabaceae. Preventing seed production and its spread is of primary importance for control. Ladino clover or white clover cut at correct stage for companion plant. Ten cows fed ground korean lespedeza seed as a source of high protein concentrate during two 40day periods averaged 29. The seed varies from the shiny black of korean to the stippled seed of common. Sericea lespedeza ksre bookstore kansas state university.
Three species of lespedeza are wellsuited for production in mississippi. Seed is planted into round cell greenhouse flat liners with 38 cells per flat that have been filled with coarse processed bark and composted pine bark growing medium. Where it is used on pastures, 2 to 4 pounds is usually enough. Seeds move with water, infested hay, birds, livestock and wildlife. The results showed sericea lespedeza had a very high risk to invade almost 98% of land in nebraska. Identification and control of serecia lespedeza lespedeza cuneata dum.
Seed of stones river ecotype violet lespedeza was hand harvested from existing populations within the confines of stones river national battlefield. Sericea lespedeza lespedeza cuneata is an introduced perennial legume that. Individual stems may produce in excess of 1,000 seeds, with 300 to 850 pounds of seed produced per acre. Lespedeza cuneata is an extremely aggressive invader of open areas and out competes native vegetation. Lespedeza can be rotated with small grains if n applications do not exceed 20 to 30 pounds per acre. It may be overseeded with winter annuals if carefully managed. Michaux lived in america for 10 years and wrote much about american plants. Seed size a, seedling emergence b, grazing utilization c, and biomass production d of sericea lespedeza. In terms of yield, however, lespedeza lags alfalfa and clover, though this handicap is countered somewhat by lower production costs, including the plants preference for no fertilizer. The primary objective of this report is to present background information on practices and costs applicable to the production of annual lespedeza in the piedmont section of georgia. It is also possible to sod seed winter annuals into a dormant sericea lespedeza stand to obtain additional forage production during the cooler months.
Plant hulled seed in april may after danger of frost or freeze is past. East texas seed company wholesale field and grass seed p. Kansas rural center lespedeza sustainable agriculture. If not completely removed, the plant will regenerate. Lespedeza is an annual warm season legume from the pea family, similar to clover. Lespedeza has an added value where quail production is important because annual lespedeza seed is an excellent quail food. Food plot seed sericea lespedeza is a wild game food for turkey and quail. Lespedeza is usually established as a pure stand or as a companion legume with cool and warmseason perennial grasses. Annual lespedezas have strong volunteer allowed to set seed in september, october and. Seed production rates of 150 million to 300 million seedsacre were reported for cultivated stands. Sericea lespedeza has been found growing in all parts of oklahoma except the panhandle, and has been designated a noxious weed in kansas because of its ability to invade and decrease grass production on rangelands and introduced pastures. This publication provides information about lespedeza seed production by species for the years 19621968. In areas where sericea lespedeza plants are scattered, hand digging can reduce the invasion rate, and if started early, can stop the spread.
Common lespedeza, also known as japanese clover or annual lespedeza, has three smooth, oblong leaflets with parallel veins that are nearly perpendicular to the midvein figure 1. Although seed production in natural areas is likely to be less than. Plants should be mowed each time they reach a height of 12 to 18 inches. There are approximately 343,000 seeds per pound of common lespedeza and 240,000 seeds per pound of korean lespedeza. Production acreage has declined significantly in the last 20 years. Most of the forage production will occur in july or august. Growing lespedeza in kentucky uk college of agriculture. Click on the individual varieties below for specific information and some of our photos. History, characteristics, and identification this publication was cooperatively developed under the multistate sericea lespedeza work group, a coalition of agencies and organizations in kansas, oklahoma, missouri and nebraska. When seed production was compared in virginia and north carolina, production was less in virginia. Sericea lespedeza seed production can be substantial. The nebraska invasive species council nisc recently completed the weed risk assessment wra of sericea lespedeza. Description, planting rate and information about sericea lespedeza. Baled lespedeza should contain an abundance of leaves, at least 50%.
Annual lespedeza early bloom and before bottom leaves begin to fall. Prepare seed bed free of weeds, firm with light roller after planting. In some early plantings of shrub lespedeza, ripe seed was not produced before the first frost, which led to seed production failures 24,40. Grazing the small grain closely in the spring will help lespedeza survive applications of n. For this reason, its use is limited to southern and west ern kentucky if. Mowing will reduce the vigor of sericea plants if it is cut closely multiple times each year. Introduced in the late 1800s as a potential forage species, it was later used as a reclamation species planted on acidic and low fertility soils. Once sericea lespedeza is established, an integrated approach, such as mowing, burning and spraying, will help. Lowtannin lines of lespedeza juncea have a higher dmd than normal or hightannin lines donnelly and anthony, 1969, 1970, 1973, an effect caused by differences in tannin level in leaves table 4. Lespedeza types used as forage crops in the southern u. Sericea lespedeza missouri department of conservation.
The hard seed passes through the digestive tract of animals. In the united states, sericea lespedeza lespedeza cuneata is a perennial warmseason condensed tannincontaining legume that can be grazed or fed as hay or pellets to control h. Lespedeza will produce one to two tons of hay per acre cover crops management for notill grain. The information on which this report is based was obtained by personal inter views with farmers selected at random in barrow, clarke, floyd, green, jackson, madison, newton, oglethorpe, pike, spalding,and walton. Violet lespedeza lespedeza violacea propagation protocol. The genus is native to warm temperate to subtropical regions of eastern north america, eastern and southern asia and australasia.
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